In most countries hypertension is one of the most common diseases. Objective: to determine the incidence of hypertension in children and adolescents from the data of day-hospital cardiac profile MBU "Chil-dren's City Clinical Hospital № 11", Yekaterinburg, to identify the role of genetic predisposition, envi-ronmental and behavioral factors in the formation of essential hypertension in children and to evaluate the prevalence of target organ damage in children with high blood pressure.