The article examines the features and problems of improving the primary level of medical care to the population in rural areas, considering the specific conditions of the socio-economic development of the Sverdlovsk region. During the study, indicators characterizing the performance of feldsher-obstetric stations were collected, processed and systematized, on the basis of which the authors formulated conclusions. The authors have identified the main directions for further development of primary care in rural areas of the Sverdlovsk region.